Investigating Homelessness And Social Cognition

Introduction: The relationship between homelessness and brain injury is a growing area of interest in the literature. Several studies have used cognitive screening tools to ascertain the level of cognitive impairment present in this population and very few studies have used comprehensive neuropsychological batteries. Social cognition remains an underexplored area in homelessness, and it may serve as a causal and perpetuating factor. Better understanding the social cognitive needs of homeless individuals can help inform intervention strategies and preventative policies.

Aims: The present study aims to use a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery including social cognition measures to explore the cognitive needs of a sample of homeless men.

Methods: Eight residents of a homeless hostel took part in the study. Scores were analysed against normative data and exploratory non-parametric correlations revealed tentative relationships between cognitive domains. A case series analysis was also conducted for descriptive data exploration.

Results: Individual and group-level exploratory analyses revealed several cognitive difficulties, including impairment in a mentalising task. No impairment was found in the domains of empathy and emotion recognition.

Discussion: The findings add to the literature on cognitive impairments in homeless men and suggest the need for including social cognition measures in routine assessments. Implications for clinical practice and future research are discussed.