Costs and cost-effectiveness of the Kerala pilot screening programme for diabetic retinopathy in the public health system

Article

Wittenberg, R., Anderson, R., Redding, S., Gopal, B., Sadanandan, R., Sahasranamam, V. I., George, S., Premnazir, L., Netuveli, G., Srinath, J., Ramakrishnan, R., Conroy, D. and Sivaprasad, S. 2024. Costs and cost-effectiveness of the Kerala pilot screening programme for diabetic retinopathy in the public health system. Eye. 31, p. 3352–3356. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03304-w
AuthorsWittenberg, R., Anderson, R., Redding, S., Gopal, B., Sadanandan, R., Sahasranamam, V. I., George, S., Premnazir, L., Netuveli, G., Srinath, J., Ramakrishnan, R., Conroy, D. and Sivaprasad, S.
Abstract

Background/objectives
The Government of Kerala initiated a pilot screening programme for diabetic retinopathy in 16 Family Health Centres in Thiruvananthapuram district in 2019 in collaboration with the ORNATE India project. The evaluation of this pilot included a study of its costs and cost-effectiveness to inform decisions about extending the programme throughout Kerala.

Subjects/methods
The participants comprise all 5307 people who were screened for diabetic retinopathy under the pilot programme for whom data could be collected.

Results
The costs of the pilot programme are estimated at INR 11.3 million (including INR 1.9 million costs to individuals) and the benefits at 514 QALYs, slightly over one QALY per person treated. The cost per QALY was INR 22,000, which is well below India’s Gross National Income per person.

Conclusions
Kerala’s 2019 pilot screening programme for diabetic retinopathy was highly cost-effective.

JournalEye
Journal citation31, p. 3352–3356
ISSN1476-5454
0950-222X
Year2024
PublisherSpringer Nature
Publisher's version
License
File Access Level
Anyone
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03304-w
Publication dates
Online03 Sep 2024
Publication process dates
Accepted12 Aug 2024
Deposited11 Feb 2025
Copyright holder© 2024 The Authors
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Complex interventions to implement a diabetic retinopathy care pathway in the public health system in Kerala: the Nayanamritham study protocol
Sivaprasad, S., Netuveli, G., Wittenberg, R., Khobragade, R., Sadanandan, R., Gopal, B., Premnazir, L., Conroy, D., Srinath, J., Ramakrishnan, R., George, S. and Sahasranamam, V. I. 2021. Complex interventions to implement a diabetic retinopathy care pathway in the public health system in Kerala: the Nayanamritham study protocol. BMJ Open. 11 (Art. e040577). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040577