Life Cycle Assessment and Circular Performance of Green Buildings

The building sector significantly contributes to environmental issues, including high energy use, carbon emissions, resource depletion, and waste generation. This chapter explores how Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and circular performance strategies can mitigate these impacts and promote sustainable construction. LCA assesses environmental effects throughout a building’s life—from material extraction to operation and end-of-life—while circular approaches emphasize design for deconstruction, recycling, and modular construction. Case studies highlight the environmental and financial benefits of applying these principles in real-world projects. Drawing on literature, stakeholder surveys, and case analyses, the chapter identifies key sustainability practices and challenges. Stakeholders report that LCA improves environmental performance, reduces costs, and supports regulatory compliance, though challenges remain, including regulatory gaps, limited technology, and organizational inertia. To overcome these barriers, the chapter recommends targeted training, investment in circular technologies, and improved policy frameworks. Ultimately, the chapter underscores the urgent need for the construction industry to integrate LCA and circular performance to reduce its environmental footprint and support a more sustainable, resilient built environment amid climate change and resource scarcity.