Interpretive bias, repressive coping and trait anxiety

Objective: According to vigilance-avoidance theory (Derakshan, Eysenck, & Myers, 2007), repressors have an avoidant interpretive bias, i.e., they interpret ambiguous self-relevant situations in a non-threatening fashion. This study sought to demarcate the range of situations associated with avoidant interpretive bias in repressors.
Design: Four groups of participants, representing the four combinations of low and high trait anxiety and defensiveness, were identified. Those low in trait anxiety and high in defensiveness were categorized as repressors.
Methods: Participants (N = 163) rated their likelihood of making both threatening and non-threatening interpretations of thirty-two ambiguous scenarios over four domains: social, intellectual, physical and health. Half the scenarios were self-relevant and half were other-relevant. Brief measures of state anxiety were taken after each likelihood rating.
Results: Repressors displayed an avoidant interpretive bias for ambiguous threats in the social and intellectual domains but not the health or physical domains. This was due to repressors’ low level of trait anxiety rather than their high defensiveness.
Conclusion: Individuals high in trait anxiety are especially sensitive to situations involving social evaluation but not those characterized by danger to their health or physical well-being.