Carbon nanotubes' surface chemistry determines their potency as vaccine nanocarriers in vitro and in vivo

Article

Hassan, Hatem A.F.M., Smyth, L., Rubio, Noelia, Ratnasothy, Kulachelvy, Wang, Julie T.-W., Bansal, Sukhvinder S., Summers, Huw D., Diebold, Sandra S., Lombardi, Giovanna and Al-Jamal, Khuloud T. 2016. Carbon nanotubes' surface chemistry determines their potency as vaccine nanocarriers in vitro and in vivo. Journal of Controlled Release. 225, pp. 205-216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.01.030
AuthorsHassan, Hatem A.F.M., Smyth, L., Rubio, Noelia, Ratnasothy, Kulachelvy, Wang, Julie T.-W., Bansal, Sukhvinder S., Summers, Huw D., Diebold, Sandra S., Lombardi, Giovanna and Al-Jamal, Khuloud T.
Abstract

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have shown marked capabilities in enhancing antigen delivery to antigen presenting
cells. However, proper understanding of how altering the physical properties of CNTs may influence antigen uptake
by antigen presenting cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), has not been established yet.Wehypothesized that
altering the physical properties of multi-walled CNTs (MWNTs)-antigen conjugates, e.g. length and surface
charge, can affect the internalization of MWNT-antigen by DCs, hence the induced immune response potency.
For this purpose, pristineMWNTs (p-MWNTs) were exposed to various chemical reactions to modify their physical
properties then conjugated to ovalbumin (OVA), a model antigen. The yieldedMWNTs-OVA conjugateswere
longMWNT-OVA (~386 nm), bearing net positive charge (5.8mV), or shortMWNTs-OVA (~122 nm) of increasing
negative charges (−23.4, −35.8 or −39 mV). Compared to the short MWNTs-OVA bearing high negative
charges, short MWNT-OVA with the lowest negative charge demonstrated better cellular uptake and OVAspecific
immune response both in vitro and in vivo. However, long positively-chargedMWNT-OVA showed limited
cellular uptake and OVA specific immune response in contrast to shortMWNT-OVA displaying the least negative
charge. We suggest that reduction in charge negativity of MWNT-antigen conjugate enhances cellular
uptake and thus the elicited immune response intensity. Nevertheless, length of MWNT-antigen conjugate
might also affect the cellular uptake and immune response potency; highlighting the importance of physical
properties as a consideration in designing a MWNT-based vaccine delivery system.

JournalJournal of Controlled Release
Journal citation225, pp. 205-216
ISSN01683659
Year2016
PublisherElsevier
Publisher's version
License
CC BY
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.01.030
Publication dates
Print21 Jan 2016
Publication process dates
Deposited09 Feb 2016
Accepted18 Jan 2016
FunderBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
Worldwide Cancer Research
EU FP7-ITN Marie-Curie Network programme RADDEL
COST Action
YCCF
BHF Programme
Copyright information© 2016 The Authors. Open Access funded by Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council under a Creative Commons License (CC-BY)
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