Regulatory T Cell-Derived Exosomes: Possible Therapeutic and Diagnostic Tools in Transplantation

Article


Agarwal, Akansha, Fanelli, Giorgia, Letizia, Marilena, Tung, Sim Lai, Boardman, Dominic, Lechler, Robert, Lombardi, Giovanna and Smyth, L. 2014. Regulatory T Cell-Derived Exosomes: Possible Therapeutic and Diagnostic Tools in Transplantation. Frontiers in Immunology. 5.
AuthorsAgarwal, Akansha, Fanelli, Giorgia, Letizia, Marilena, Tung, Sim Lai, Boardman, Dominic, Lechler, Robert, Lombardi, Giovanna and Smyth, L.
Abstract

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released by many cells of the body. These small vesicles play an important part in intercellular communication both in the local environment and systemically, facilitating in the transfer of proteins, cytokines as well as miRNA between cells. The observation that exosomes isolated from immune cells such as dendritic cells (DCs) modulate the immune response has paved the way for these structures to be considered as potential immunotherapeutic reagents. Indeed, clinical trials using DC derived exosomes to facilitate immune responses to specific cancer antigens are now underway. Exosomes can also have a negative effect on the immune response and exosomes isolated from regulatory T cells (Tregs) and other subsets of T cells have been shown to have immune suppressive capacities. Here, we review what is currently known about Treg derived exosomes and their contribution to immune regulation, as well as highlighting their possible therapeutic potential for preventing graft rejection, and use as diagnostic tools to assess transplant outcome.

JournalFrontiers in Immunology
Journal citation5
ISSN1664-3224
Year2014
PublisherFrontiers Media
Publisher's version
License
CC BY
Web address (URL)http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00555
Publication dates
Print05 Nov 2014
Publication process dates
Deposited11 Mar 2016
Accepted20 Oct 2014
FunderBritish Heart Foundation
National Institute for Health Research
Copyright information© 2014 Agarwal, Fanelli, Letizia, Tung, Boardman, Lechler, Lombardi and Smyth.
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