The Costs of Childcare

Working paper

Penn, H. and Lloyd-Reichling, E. 2013. The Costs of Childcare. London Childhood Wellbeing Research Centre.
AuthorsPenn, H. and Lloyd-Reichling, E.
TypeWorking paper
Abstract

This report was commissioned from the Childhood Wellbeing Research
Centre by the Department of Education in response to public concern about
the apparent high costs of childcare to parents in the UK. The Department
requested a technical analysis of the current comparative literature and data
on the affordability of childcare to parents. It also requested further analysis
on the costs to providers of providing childcare; and on the contribution of
governments in providing subsidies to parents and/or providers.
The two agreed research questions were:
1. What is the scope and what are the limitations of the comparative
literature on the net costs to parents (childcare fees) of using
childcare?
2. Why are the net costs to parents in the UK so high, given the relatively
high level of expenditure on Early Childhood Education and Childcare
(ECEC)?

Year2013
PublisherChildhood Wellbeing Research Centre
Place of publicationLondon
FunderDepartment for Education
Publication dates
PrintJul 2013
Publication process dates
Deposited13 Dec 2013
Series CWRC Working Paper No 18
Publisher's version
License
CC BY-NC-ND
Permalink -

https://repository.uel.ac.uk/item/85wvw

Log in to edit

Download files

  • 440
    total views
  • 835
    total downloads
  • 5
    views this month
  • 12
    downloads this month

Export as

Related outputs

The corporatisation and financialisation of social reproduction: care homes and childcare in the UK
Farrier, S., Horton, A. and Lloyd, E. 2024. The corporatisation and financialisation of social reproduction: care homes and childcare in the UK. Environment and Planning F. In Press. https://doi.org/10.1177/26349825241241311
Book Review: Childcare Provision in Neoliberal Times: The marketization of Care by Aisling Gallagher
Lloyd E. 2023. Book Review: Childcare Provision in Neoliberal Times: The marketization of Care by Aisling Gallagher. Critical Social Policy. 43 (3), pp. 570-572. https://doi.org/10.1177/02610183231178535
Towards a public ECEC system
Lloyd, E. 2020. Towards a public ECEC system. in: Cameron, C. and Moss, P. (ed.) Transforming Early Childhood in England: Towards a Democratic Education UCL Press. pp. 83-99
Reshaping and Reimagining Marketised Early Childhood Education and Care Systems
Lloyd-Reichling, E. 2019. Reshaping and Reimagining Marketised Early Childhood Education and Care Systems. Zeitschrift für Pädagogik. 65 (3), pp. 89-106. https://doi.org/10.3262/ZPB1901089
Underpaid and undervalued: the reality of childcare work in the UK
Lloyd-Reichling, E. 2018. Underpaid and undervalued: the reality of childcare work in the UK. The Conversation.
Childcare market is failing to provide parents with choice and quality
Lloyd-Reichling, E. 2016. Childcare market is failing to provide parents with choice and quality. The Conversation.
Evidence-based policy and practice in early childhood education; challenges and opportunities
Lloyd-Reichling, E. 2015. Evidence-based policy and practice in early childhood education; challenges and opportunities. Lecture. Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Institut für Erziehungswissenschaft, Qualitätsentwicklung / Evaluierung 01 Jun 2015
Early Childhood Education and Care: Poverty and Access - Perspectives from England
Lloyd-Reichling, E. 2017. Early Childhood Education and Care: Poverty and Access - Perspectives from England. in: Miller, L., Cameron, C., Dalli, C. and Barbour, N. (ed.) The SAGE Handbook of Early Childhood Policy SAGE.
Early years provision and children’s life chances
Lloyd-Reichling, E. 2016. Early years provision and children’s life chances. in: Improving Children's Life Chances Child Poverty Action Group (CPAG). pp. 25-37
Early childhood education and care policy in England under the Coalition Government
Lloyd-Reichling, E. 2015. Early childhood education and care policy in England under the Coalition Government. London Review of Education. 13 (2), pp. 144-156.
Parents talking everyday science with young children
Lloyd-Reichling, E., Edmonds, C., Downs, Celony, Crutchley, Rebecca, Paffard, Fran, Amfo, Grace and Silvers, Vikki 2015. Parents talking everyday science with young children. University of East London. https://doi.org/10.15123/PUB.4729
Talking everyday science to very young children: a study involving parents and practitioners within an early childhood centre
Lloyd-Reichling, E., Edmonds, C., Downs, C., Crutchley, R. and Paffard, F. 2016. Talking everyday science to very young children: a study involving parents and practitioners within an early childhood centre. Early Child Development and Care. 187 (2), pp. 244-260. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2016.1226355
Review of policies and interventions for low-income families with young children
La Valle, Ivana, Payne, Lisa, Lloyd-Reichling, E. and Potter, Sylvia 2014. Review of policies and interventions for low-income families with young children. London Office of the Children's Commissioner.
Early childhood education and care and poverty: Working paper prepared for the Joseph Rowntree Foundation
Lloyd-Reichling, E. and Potter, Sylvia 2014. Early childhood education and care and poverty: Working paper prepared for the Joseph Rowntree Foundation. London University of East London, International Centre for the Study of the Mixed Economy of Childcare. https://doi.org/10.15123/PUB.3865
Childcare markets in an age of austerity
Lloyd-Reichling, E. and Penn, H. 2014. Childcare markets in an age of austerity. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal. 22 (3), pp. 386-396. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350293X.2014.912901
Co-producing early years policy in England under the Coalition Government
Lloyd-Reichling, E. 2014. Co-producing early years policy in England under the Coalition Government. Management in Education. 28 (4), pp. 130-137. https://doi.org/10.1177/0892020614547316
Early childhood education and care:key lessons from research for policy makers
Penn, H. 2009. Early childhood education and care:key lessons from research for policy makers. Brussels European Commission, Directorate-General for Education and Culture.
Reflections on my experience of co-producing early childhood policies in England
Lloyd-Reichling, E. 2013. Reflections on my experience of co-producing early childhood policies in England. UEL Research and Knowledge Exchange Conference 2013. University of East London, London 26 Jun 2013 London University of East London.
Equity and evidence in twenty-five years of early childhood policy research
Lloyd-Reichling, E. 2013. Equity and evidence in twenty-five years of early childhood policy research. PhD Thesis University of East London Cass School of Education and Communities https://doi.org/10.15123/PUB.3025
How effective are measures taken to mitigate the impact of direct experience of armed conflict on the psychosocial and cognitive development of children aged 0–8?
Lloyd-Reichling, E., Penn, Helen, Barreau, Sofka, Burton, Veronica, Davis, Rosemary, Potter, Sylvia, Sayeed, Zahirun and Early Years Review Group 2005. How effective are measures taken to mitigate the impact of direct experience of armed conflict on the psychosocial and cognitive development of children aged 0–8? London EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, University of London.
What is known about the long-term economic impact of centre-based early childhood interventions?
Penn, Helen, Burton, Veronica, Lloyd-Reichling, E., Mugford, Miranda, Potter, Sylvia, Sayeed, Zahirun and Early Years Review Group 2006. What is known about the long-term economic impact of centre-based early childhood interventions? London EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, University of London.
Childcare and early years survey 2007: parents’ use, views and experiences
Kazimirski, Anne, Smith, Ruth, Butt, Sarah, Ireland, Eleanor and Lloyd-Reichling, E. 2007. Childcare and early years survey 2007: parents’ use, views and experiences. National Centre for Social Research.
The multi-dimensional analysis of social exclusion
Levitas, Ruth, Pantazis, Christina, Fahmy, Eldin, Gordon, David, Lloyd-Reichling, E. and Patsios, Demy 2007. The multi-dimensional analysis of social exclusion. Bristol University of Bristol.
The London childcare market
Clarke, Andrew, Lawrence, Dave, Lloyd-Reichling, E. and Penn, Helen 2011. The London childcare market. London London Development Agency.
The Interface between Childcare, Family Support and Child Poverty Strategies Under New Labour: Tensions and Contradictions
Lloyd-Reichling, E. 2008. The Interface between Childcare, Family Support and Child Poverty Strategies Under New Labour: Tensions and Contradictions. Social Policy & Society. 7 (4), pp. 479-497.
A project to assist Family Actions's Building Bridges practitioners with the use of the Index of Family Relations as an outcome measurement: final report
Harden, A., Lloyd-Reichling, E., Mcdermott, M., Potter, Sylvia and Sayeed, Zahirun 2009. A project to assist Family Actions's Building Bridges practitioners with the use of the Index of Family Relations as an outcome measurement: final report. London University of East London.
Poor children’s future access to early years provision
Lloyd-Reichling, E. 2012. Poor children’s future access to early years provision. in: Ending child poverty by 2020: progress made and lessons learned Child Povery Action Group.
A project to assist Family Action’s Building Bridges practitioners with the use of the Index of Family Relations as an outcome measurement (Final Report).
Harden, A., Lloyd-Reichling, E., Mcdermott, M., Potter, Sylvia and Sayeed, Zahirun 2009. A project to assist Family Action’s Building Bridges practitioners with the use of the Index of Family Relations as an outcome measurement (Final Report). Family Action, Institute of Health and Human Development and CASS School of Education, University of East London.
Professionalising the Early Childhood Workforce in England: work in progress or missed opportunity?
Lloyd-Reichling, E. and Hallet, Elaine 2010. Professionalising the Early Childhood Workforce in England: work in progress or missed opportunity? Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood. 11 (1), pp. 75-88.
Families Experiencing Multiple Disadvantage: their use of and views on childcare provision
Speight, Svetlana, Smith, Ruth, Lloyd-Reichling, E. and Coshall, Cathy 2010. Families Experiencing Multiple Disadvantage: their use of and views on childcare provision. London National Centre for Social Research.
Towards universal early years provision: analysis of take-up by disadvantaged families from recent annual childcare surveys
Speight, Svetlana, Smith, Ruth, Coshall, Cathy and Lloyd-Reichling, E. 2010. Towards universal early years provision: analysis of take-up by disadvantaged families from recent annual childcare surveys. Department for Education.