Time-series clustering for sensor fault detection in large-scale Cyber-Physical Systems

Article


Alwan, A., Brimicombe, A., Ciupala, A., Ghorashi, S., Baravalle, A. and Falcarin, P. 2022. Time-series clustering for sensor fault detection in large-scale Cyber-Physical Systems. Computer Networks. 218 (Art. 109384). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2022.109384
AuthorsAlwan, A., Brimicombe, A., Ciupala, A., Ghorashi, S., Baravalle, A. and Falcarin, P.
Abstract

Large-scale Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) are information systems that involve a vast network of sensor nodes and other devices that stream observations in real-time and typically are deployed in uncontrolled, broad geographical terrains. Sensor node failures are inevitable and unpredictable events in large-scale CPSs, which compromise the integrity of the sensors measurements and potentially reduce the quality of CPSs services and raise serious concerns related to CPSs safety, reliability, performance, and security. While many studies were conducted to tackle the challenge of sensor nodes failure detection using domain-specific solutions, this paper proposes a novel sensor nodes failure detection approach and empirically evaluates its validity using a real-world case study. This paper investigates time-series clustering techniques as a feasible solution to identify sensor nodes malfunctions by detecting long-segmental outliers in their observations’ time series. Three different time-series clustering techniques have been investigated using real-world observations collected from two various sensor node networks, one of which consists of 275 temperature sensors distributed around London. This study demonstrates that time-series clustering effectively detects sensor node’s continuous (halting/repeating) and incipient faults. It also showed that the feature-based time series clustering technique is a more efficient long-segmental outliers detection mechanism compared to shape-based time-series clustering techniques such as DTW and K-Shape, mainly when applied to shorter time-series windows.

KeywordsCyber-physical systems (CPSs); Wireless sensor networks (WSNs); Time-series clustering; Dynamic time warping; K-Shape; Characteristics based time-series clustering
JournalComputer Networks
Journal citation218 (Art. 109384)
ISSN1389-1286
Year2022
PublisherElsevier
Accepted author manuscript
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Anyone
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2022.109384
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Online04 Oct 2022
Publication process dates
Accepted20 Sep 2022
Deposited04 Oct 2022
Copyright holder© 2022 Elsevier
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Towards automated composition of convergent services: A survey
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Initial insights on the biodiversity potential of biosolar roofs: A London Olympic Park green roof case study
Nash, C, Clough, J., Gedge, D, Lindsay, R., Newport, D., Ciupala, A. and Connop, S. 2015. Initial insights on the biodiversity potential of biosolar roofs: A London Olympic Park green roof case study. Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution; special issue "Integrating ecology into green roof research". 62 (1-2), pp. 74-87. https://doi.org/10.1080/15659801.2015.1045791
Hygrothermal performance of wood-hemp insulation in timber frame wall panels with and without a vapour barrier
Latif, Eshrar, Ciupala, A., Tucker, Simon, Wijeyesekera, Devapriya Chitral and Newport, D. 2015. Hygrothermal performance of wood-hemp insulation in timber frame wall panels with and without a vapour barrier. Building and Environment. 92, pp. 122-134.
Sustainability study of the application of geosynthetic clay liners in hostile and aggressive environments
Wijeyesekera, D.Chitral, Loh, E. W. K., Diman, S.F., Alvin, J., Zainorabidin, A.B. and Ciupala, A. 2012. Sustainability study of the application of geosynthetic clay liners in hostile and aggressive environments. Journal of Ontario International Development Agency. 5 (6), pp. 81-96.
Seismic retrofitting of RC buildings using CFRP and post-tensioned metal straps: shake table tests
Garcia, Reyes, Pilakoutas, Kypros, Hajirasouliha, Iman, Guadagnini, Maurizio, Kyriakides, Nicholas and Ciupala, A. 2015. Seismic retrofitting of RC buildings using CFRP and post-tensioned metal straps: shake table tests. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering.
On the Sustainability of Web Systems Evolution
Baravalle, A., Boldyreff, Cornelia, Capiluppi, Andrea and Marques, Renata 2013. On the Sustainability of Web Systems Evolution. Web Systems Evolution 2013. Eindhoven 27 Sep 2013
Beware, win or lose: Domestic violence and the World Cup
Brimicombe, A. and Cafe, Rebecca 2011. Beware, win or lose: Domestic violence and the World Cup. Significance. 9 (5), pp. 32-35.
Measuring Security Requirements for Software Security
Islam, S. and Falcarin, P. 2011. Measuring Security Requirements for Software Security. IEEE 10th International Conference on Cybernetic Intelligent Systems (CIS). London 01 - 02 Sep 2011
Software protection
Falcarin, P., Collberg, Christian, Atallah, Mikhail and Jakubowski, Mariusz 2011. Software protection. IEEE Software. 28 (2), pp. 24-27.
Thermal conductivity of building materials: an overview of its determination
Latif, E, Rhydwen, G R, Wijeyesekera, D.Chitral, Tucker, Simon, Ciupala, A. and Newport, D. 2011. Thermal conductivity of building materials: an overview of its determination. Advances in Computing and Technology. University of East London, London Jan 2011 London University of East London, School of Architecture Computing and Engineering.
Creating and Maintaining a Healthy Stratford City: Principles and Practices for Success
Sampson, Alice, Harden, A., Brimicombe, A., Bertotti, Marcello, Lais, Shahana, Barrow-Guevera, Gail, Boniwell, Ilona, Joseph, Hipolina, Sheridan, Kevin, Adams-Eaton, Faye, Tobi, Patrick and Li, Yang 2010. Creating and Maintaining a Healthy Stratford City: Principles and Practices for Success. University of East London, Centre for Institutional Studies.
Exploiting Code Mobility for Dynamic Binary Obfuscation
Falcarin, P., Di Carlo, Stefano, Cabutto, Alessandro, Garazzino, Nicola and Barberis, Davide 2011. Exploiting Code Mobility for Dynamic Binary Obfuscation. IEEE World Congress on Internet Security (WorldCIS-2011), London, 21-23 February 2011. London: IEEE pp 114 – 120.
Towards Experimental Evaluation of Code Obfuscation Techniques
Ceccato, Mariano, Di Penta, Massimiliano, Nagra, Jasvir, Falcarin, P. and Ricca, Filippo 2008. Towards Experimental Evaluation of Code Obfuscation Techniques. 4th ACM workshop on Quality of Protection. Alexandria, Virginia, USA Oct 2008 pp. 39-46
Next Generation Networks: the service offering standpoint
Licciardi, Carlo Alberto and Falcarin, P. 2003. Next Generation Networks: the service offering standpoint. in:
An Aspect-Oriented Approach for Dynamic Monitoring of a Service Logic Execution Environment
Falcarin, P. and Goix, Laurent Walter 2006. An Aspect-Oriented Approach for Dynamic Monitoring of a Service Logic Execution Environment. in:
A Dynamic Analysis Tool for Extracting UML 2 Sequence Diagrams
Falcarin, P. and Torchiano, Marco 2006. A Dynamic Analysis Tool for Extracting UML 2 Sequence Diagrams. ICSOFT 2006, First International Conference on Software and Data Technologies. Setúbal, Portugal 11 - 14 Sep 2006
Towards a Telecommunication Service Oriented Architecture
Falcarin, P. and Yu, Jian 2007. Towards a Telecommunication Service Oriented Architecture. in:
Dynamic Context-Aware Business Process: A Rule-Based Approach Supported by Pattern Identification
Bernal, Jose F. Mejia, Falcarin, P. and Morisio, Maurizio 2010. Dynamic Context-Aware Business Process: A Rule-Based Approach Supported by Pattern Identification. Proceedings of the 2010 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing SAC'10. Sierre, Switzerland 22 - 26 Mar 2010
Service Creation in the SPICE Service Platform
Almeida, Joao Paulo, Baravaglio, Alberto, Belaunde, Mariano, Falcarin, P. and Kovacs, Erno 2006. Service Creation in the SPICE Service Platform. 17th Wireless World Research Forum Meeting (WWRF17).
Towards the Automation of the Service Composition Process: Case Study and Prototype Implementations
Shiaa, Mazen, Falcarin, P., Pastor, Alain, Lecue, Freddy, Silva, Eduardo and Pires, Luis Ferreira 2008. Towards the Automation of the Service Composition Process: Case Study and Prototype Implementations. Cunningham, P and Cunningham, M. (Eds) ICT-MobileSummit 2008 Conference Proceedings Stockholm pp. 10-12
A Web-Based application to verify Open Mobile Alliance device management specifications
Mejia Bernal, Jose F., Falcarin, P. and Morisio, Maurizio 2009. A Web-Based application to verify Open Mobile Alliance device management specifications. IEEE International Conference on Advances in System Testing and Validation Lifecycle (VALID 2009). 20-25 September 2009 Porto pp. 13-18
Developing Secure Software and Systems
Falcarin, P. and Morisio, Maurizio 2004. Developing Secure Software and Systems. in:
First International Workshop on Telecom Service Oriented Architectures (TSOA-07)
Falcarin, P. and Belaunde, Mariano 2009. First International Workshop on Telecom Service Oriented Architectures (TSOA-07). E. Di Nitto and M Ripeanu (Eds.): ICSOC 2007 Workshops
Weaving Business Processes and Rules: A Petri Net Approach
Yu, Jian, Sheng, Quan Z., Falcarin, P. and Morisio, Maurizio 2009. Weaving Business Processes and Rules: A Petri Net Approach. in: Information Systems: Modeling, Development, and Integration Springer.
A User-centric Mobile Service Creation Approach Converging Telco and IT Services
Yu, Jian, Falcarin, P., del Álamo, José María, Sienel, Juergen, Sheng, Quan Z. and Mejia, Jose F. 2009. A User-centric Mobile Service Creation Approach Converging Telco and IT Services. Eighth International Conference on Mobile Business, (ICMB 2009), Sch. of Comput Sci. pp. 27-28
XDM-Compatible Service Repository for User-Centric Service Creation and Discovery
Jian, Yu, Falcarin, P., Rego, S., Ordas, I., Martins, E., Quan, Sun, Trapero, R. and Sheng, Quan Z. 2009. XDM-Compatible Service Repository for User-Centric Service Creation and Discovery. IEEE International Conference on Web Services. (ICWS 2009) Los Angeles pp. 6-10
Towards an Efficient Context-Aware System: Problems and Suggestions to Reduce Energy Consumption in Mobile Devices
Mejia Bernal, Jose F., Ardito, Luca, Morisio, Maurizio and Falcarin, P. 2010. Towards an Efficient Context-Aware System: Problems and Suggestions to Reduce Energy Consumption in Mobile Devices. Ninth International Conference on Mobile Business. (ICMB 2010) Athens pp. 13-15
Analysis of NGN service creation technologies
Licciardi, Carlo Alberto and Falcarin, P. 2003. Analysis of NGN service creation technologies. IEC Annual Review of Communications.
A CPL to Java compiler for dynamic service personalization in JAIN-SIP server
Falcarin, P. 2004. A CPL to Java compiler for dynamic service personalization in JAIN-SIP server. IEC Annual Review of Communications.
A visual semantic service browser supporting user-centric service composition
Yu, Jian, Sheng, Quan Z. and Falcarin, P. 2010. A visual semantic service browser supporting user-centric service composition. IEEE 24th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (AINA 2010).
Road traffic accident hotspot identification using modified Voronoi Process
Ladi, S., Wijeyesekera, D.Chitral, Brimicombe, A. and Li, Y. 2009. Road traffic accident hotspot identification using modified Voronoi Process. Proceedings of Advances in Computing and Technology. (AC&T) The School of Computing and Technology 4th Annual Conference University of East London pp. 189-198
An exploratory study of GPS trajectory data using Snap-Drift Neural Network
Ekpenyong, Frank, Palmer-Brown, Dominic and Brimicombe, A. 2008. An exploratory study of GPS trajectory data using Snap-Drift Neural Network. Proceedings of Advances in Computing and Technology. (AC&T) The School of Computing and Technology 3rd Annual Conference University of East London pp. 22-30
Externally confined concrete columns using FRP tubes
Ciupala, A., Pilakoutas, K. and Mortazavi, A.A. 2008. Externally confined concrete columns using FRP tubes. Proceedings of Advances in Computing and Technology. (AC&T) The School of Computing and Technology 3rd Annual Conference University of East London pp. 14-21
Cluster detection inspatially repetitive events
Brimicombe, A. 2008. Cluster detection inspatially repetitive events. Proceedings of Advances in Computing and Technology. (AC&T) The School of Computing and Technology 3rd Annual Conference University of East London pp. 6-13
Utilisation of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composites in the confinement of concrete
Ciupala, A., Pilakoutas, K. and Mortazavi, A.A. 2007. Utilisation of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composites in the confinement of concrete. Proceedings of Advances in Computing and Technology. (AC&T) The School of Computing and Technology 2nd Annual Conference University of East London pp. 145-150
FRP Seismic Strengthening of Concrete Structures
Ciupala, A. and Pilakoutas, K. 2006. FRP Seismic Strengthening of Concrete Structures. Proceedings of the AC&T, pp. 102-106
Updating of Road Network Databases: Spatio-Temporal Trajectory Grouping Using Snap-Drift Neural Network
Ekpenyong, Frank, Palmer-Brown, Dominic and Brimicombe, A. 2007. Updating of Road Network Databases: Spatio-Temporal Trajectory Grouping Using Snap-Drift Neural Network.
Updating Road Network Databases: Road Segment Grouping Using Snap-Drift Neural Network.
Ekpenyong, Frank, Brimicombe, A. and Palmer-Brown, Dominic 2007. Updating Road Network Databases: Road Segment Grouping Using Snap-Drift Neural Network.
Communication Web Services and JAIN-SLEE Integration Challenges
Falcarin, P. and Venezia, Claudio 2008. Communication Web Services and JAIN-SLEE Integration Challenges. International Journal of Web Services Research. 5 (4), pp. 59-78.
Personalized Service Creation and Provision for the Mobile Web
Sheng, Quan Z., Yu, Jian, del Álamo, José María and Falcarin, P. 2009. Personalized Service Creation and Provision for the Mobile Web. in: Irwin, King and Baeza-Yates, Ricardo (ed.) Weaving Services and People on the World Wide Web Springer. pp. 99-121
Service Composition Quality Evaluation in SPICE Platform
Falcarin, P. 2009. Service Composition Quality Evaluation in SPICE Platform. in: Zhang, Liang-Ji, Paul, Raymond and Dong, Jing (ed.) High Assurance Services Computing Springer US. pp. 89-102
Situation Inference for Mobile Users: a Rule Based Approach
Goix, Laurent Walter, Valla, Massimo, Cerami, Laura and Falcarin, P. 2007. Situation Inference for Mobile Users: a Rule Based Approach. International Conference on Mobile Data Management, Mannheim, Germany May 01. IEEE pp 299-303
UML requirements for Distributed Software Architectures
Lago, Patricia and Falcarin, P. 2001. UML requirements for Distributed Software Architectures. Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Describing Software Architecture with UML, Toronto, Canada, May 2001, pp. 27-30
Call Control Component implementing converged Telephony- Internet networks
Falcarin, P. and Lago, Patricia 2001. Call Control Component implementing converged Telephony- Internet networks. Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Net-Centric Computing, Toronto, Canada, May 2001, pp. 32-35
Designing the Parlay Call-Control Using ASMs
Falcarin, P. and Cavarra, Alessandra 2003. Designing the Parlay Call-Control Using ASMs. Börger, E; Gargantini, A; Riccobene, E. (Eds ) Abstract State Machines (ASM 2003)
Communication Web Services Composition and Integration
Venezia, Claudio and Falcarin, P. 2006. Communication Web Services Composition and Integration. IEEE Proceedings of International Conference on Web Services (ICWS-06). September 2006 IEEE Press pp. 523 - 530
Automated Reasoning on Aspects Interactions
Falcarin, P. and Torchiano, Marco 2006. Automated Reasoning on Aspects Interactions. IEEE/ACM Proceedings of International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE 2006). Tokyo Japan
Service Discovery Suite for User-Centric Service Creation
Baladrón, Carlos, Aguiar, Javier, Carro, Belén, Sienel, Jürgen, Trapero, Rubén, Yelmo, Juan Carlos, del Álamo, José María, Yu, Jian and Falcarin, P. 2007. Service Discovery Suite for User-Centric Service Creation. . In Service Oriented Computing: a look at the Inside (SOC@Inside'07) workshop. ACM Vienna
An Approach to Domain-Specific Reuse in Service-Oriented Environments
Wang, Jianwu, Yu, Jian, Falcarin, P., Han, Yanbo and Morisio, Maurizio 2008. An Approach to Domain-Specific Reuse in Service-Oriented Environments. Mei, H. (Ed ) High Confidence Software Reuse in Large Systems ICSR 2008
Realizing an MDA and SOA Marriage for the Development of Mobile Services
Belaunde, Mariano and Falcarin, P. 2008. Realizing an MDA and SOA Marriage for the Development of Mobile Services. ECMDA-FA 2008.
Service opportunities for next generation networks
Andreetto, Alessandra, Licciardi, Carlo Alberto and Falcarin, P. 2001. Service opportunities for next generation networks. Proceedings Eurescom Summit conference - 3G Technologies and Applications. Heidelberg Germania
Remote Trust with Aspect-Oriented Programming
Falcarin, P., Scandariato, Riccardo and Baldi, Mario 2006. Remote Trust with Aspect-Oriented Programming. IEEE 20th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (AINA 2006). Vienna, Austria Apr 2006 pp. 451-456
Using Temporal Business Rules to Synthesize Service Composition Process Models
Yu, Jian, Han, Jun, Falcarin, P. and Morisio, Maurizio 2007. Using Temporal Business Rules to Synthesize Service Composition Process Models.
Introducing the user to the service creation world: concepts for user centric service creation, personalization and notification
Caetano, Jorge, Santos, Pedro, Justino, Paulo, Goix, Laurent Walter, Renditore, Paola, Demartini, Matteo, Falcarin, P., Martín, Raúl, Martínez, Alvaro, Fernández, Rosario, Baladrón, Carlos, Aguiar, Javier and Carro, Belén 2007. Introducing the user to the service creation world: concepts for user centric service creation, personalization and notification. 16th IST Mobile & Wireless Communications Summit. Budapest Hungary
Application-oriented trust in distributed computing
Scandariato, Riccardo, Ofek, Yoram, Falcarin, P. and Baldi, Mario 2008. Application-oriented trust in distributed computing. IEEE, International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (ARES 2008), Barcelona (Spain) March 2008. pp 434-439.
A User-Centric Service Creation Approach for Next Generation Networks
Yelmo, Juan Carlos, del Álamo, José María, Trapero, Rubén, Falcarin, P., Yu, Jian, Carro, Belén and Baladrón, Carlos 2008. A User-Centric Service Creation Approach for Next Generation Networks. First ITU-T Kaleidoscope Academic Conference. Geneva, Switzerland May 2008 pp. 211-218
A Model-driven Framework for Professional Service Designers and Developers
Belaunde, Mariano, Falcarin, P. and Jezequel, Jean-Marc 2008. A Model-driven Framework for Professional Service Designers and Developers. ICIN 2008 International Conference on Intelligent Networks: Services, Enablers and Architectures. Bordeaux, France Oct 2008
User-Centric Future Internet and Telecommunication Services
Baladrón, Carlos, Aguiar, Javier, Carro, Belén, Goix, Laurent Walter, Martin, Alberto León, Falcarin, P. and Sienel, Jürgen 2009. User-Centric Future Internet and Telecommunication Services. in: Georgios, T. (ed.) Towards the Future Internet - A European Research Perspective IOS Press. pp. 217-226
Next Generation Networks: the service offering standpoint
Lago, Patricia, Falcarin, P., Andreetto, Alessandra and Licciardi, Carlo Alberto 2001. Next Generation Networks: the service offering standpoint.
Technologies and Guidelines for Service Creation in NGN
Licciardi, Carlo Alberto and Falcarin, P. 2003. Technologies and Guidelines for Service Creation in NGN.
Dynamic Architectural Changes for Distributed Services
Falcarin, P., Lago, Patricia and Morisio, Maurizio 2003. Dynamic Architectural Changes for Distributed Services. 8th International Workshop on Component-Oriented Programming. Darmstadt Germany
Software Tampering Detection using AOP and mobile code
Falcarin, P., Baldi, Mario and Mazzocchi, Daniele 2004. Software Tampering Detection using AOP and mobile code.
Software Architecture Evolution through Dynamic AOP
Falcarin, P. and Alonso, Gustavo 2004. Software Architecture Evolution through Dynamic AOP. Oquendo, F. et al (Eds) European Workshop on Software Architectures (EWSA) pp. 21-22
The Effectiveness of Source Code Obfuscation: an Experimental Assessment
Ceccato, Mariano, Di Penta, Massimiliano, Nagra, Jasvir, Falcarin, P., Ricca, Filippo, Torchiano, Marco and Tonell, Paolo 2009. The Effectiveness of Source Code Obfuscation: an Experimental Assessment. 17th IEEE International Conference on Program Comprehension (ICPC-09). Vancouver (Canada) May 17-19 2009 pp. 178 - 187
Improving Geocoding Rates in Preparation for Crime Data Analysis
Brimicombe, A., Brimicombe, Lily C. and Li, Y. 2007. Improving Geocoding Rates in Preparation for Crime Data Analysis. International Journal of Police Science & Management. 9 (1), pp. 80-92.
Scenario-based Small Area Population Modelling for Social Infrastructure Planning
Li, Y. and Brimicombe, A. 2008. Scenario-based Small Area Population Modelling for Social Infrastructure Planning. in: Lambrick, David (ed.) Proceedings of GIS Research UK 16th Annual conference GISRUK 2008 pp. 348-353
Agent-based services for the validation and calibration of multi-agent models
Li, Y., Brimicombe, A. and Chao, Li 2008. Agent-based services for the validation and calibration of multi-agent models. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems. 32 (6), pp. 464-473.
An Agent-Based System to support Geo-Information Analysis
Al-Zakwani, A., Mouratidis, Haralambos and Brimicombe, A. 2007. An Agent-Based System to support Geo-Information Analysis.