Green Chemistry: A Sustainable Alternative to Conventional Etching Solvents in Chemical Decapsulation

Conference paper

Alnemrat, I. Y. M., Alnemrat, A., Assadi Langroudi, A., Matthews, R. P. and Hamid, A. A. A. 2025. Green Chemistry: A Sustainable Alternative to Conventional Etching Solvents in Chemical Decapsulation. Arabnia, H. R., Deligiannidis, L., Shenavarmasouleh, F., Amirian, S. and Mohammadi, F. G. (ed.) 11th International Conference, CSCI 2024, Las Vegas, NV, USA, December 11–13, 2024. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-95130-5_15
AuthorsAlnemrat, I. Y. M., Alnemrat, A., Assadi Langroudi, A., Matthews, R. P. and Hamid, A. A. A.
TypeConference paper
Abstract

The shift toward sustainable practices is increasingly guided by green chemistry principles, focusing on reducing toxicity and environmental impact without compromising efficiency. This study investigates eco-friendly alternatives to hazardous chemicals used in the decapsulation of integrated circuits (ICs)—a critical step in failure analysis and cybersecurity. Traditional methods, often reliant on toxic acids like fuming nitric acid, pose significant environmental and health risks.

The research evaluates renewable and safer materials, including rosin, Dynasolve 185, and Decap solvents, as substitutes. Through experimental applications on NAND chips, it examines their interactions with epoxy molding compounds and effects on IC integrity. Computational chemistry further supports the generation and optimization of some chemical structures. Findings indicate that rosin, a renewable resource, effectively decapsulates ICs at 120 °C in 7 min, preserving chip functionality. Dynasolve 185 also proves effective, though requiring longer processing times, while Decap solvents provide precise etching with lower environmental risks.

This study demonstrates the feasibility of green alternatives, promoting sustainability in electronic component processing. By reducing dependence on hazardous substances, these findings advance safer and eco-friendly manufacturing practices, aligning with global environmental goals.

Year2025
Conference11th International Conference, CSCI 2024, Las Vegas, NV, USA, December 11–13, 2024
PublisherSpringer Nature
Publication dates
Online12 Aug 2025
Publication process dates
SubmittedFeb 2025
Deposited16 Sep 2025
Journal citationp. 181–194
ISSN1865-0929
1865-0937
Book titleComputational Science and Computational Intelligence: 11th International Conference, CSCI 2024, Las Vegas, NV, USA, December 11–13, 2024, Proceedings, Part VI
ISBN978-3-031-95129-9
978-3-031-95130-5
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-95130-5_15
Web address (URL) of conference proceedingshttps://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-95130-5_15
Copyright holder© 2025 The Authors
EditorsArabnia, H. R., Deligiannidis, L., Shenavarmasouleh, F., Amirian, S. and Mohammadi, F. G.
Permalink -

https://repository.uel.ac.uk/item/90158

Log in to edit

  • 128
    total views
  • 1
    total downloads
  • 128
    views this month
  • 0
    downloads this month

Export as

Related outputs

Structural Performance of 3D-Printed Concrete Walls
Dungrani, M., Hashemi, A., Assadi Langroudi, A., Wirz, F. and Do Rosario Benros, D. 2025. Structural Performance of 3D-Printed Concrete Walls. International Conference of Sustainable Ecological Engineering Design for Society (SEEDS) 2025. Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK 03 - 05 Sep 2025
Biomimicry in the Context of Stabilised Porous Clays
Assadi Langroudi, A. 2025. Biomimicry in the Context of Stabilised Porous Clays. Biomimetics. 10 (5), p. Art. 290. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10050290
Physical Model for Sintered Gypsum—Clay End-Bearing Piles in Sand
Selcukhan, O., Ekinci, A. and Assadi Langroudi, A. 2025. Physical Model for Sintered Gypsum—Clay End-Bearing Piles in Sand. International Journal of Civil Engineering. 23, pp. 1653-1668. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-025-01130-z
Efficient Prediction of the Local Electronic Structure of Ionic Liquids from Low-Cost Calculations
Tompkins, F. K. T., Parker, L. G., Fogarty, R. M., Seymour, J. M., Rowe, R. G., Palgrave, R. P., Matthews, R. P., Bennett, R. A., Hunt, P. A. and Lovelock, K. R. J. 2025. Efficient Prediction of the Local Electronic Structure of Ionic Liquids from Low-Cost Calculations. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 27, pp. 8803-8812. https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CP00892A
Accurate Prediction of Ionic Liquid Density-of-States from Low-Cost Calculations
Fogarty, R. M., Matthews, R. P., Hunt, P. A. and Lovelock, K. R. J. 2025. Accurate Prediction of Ionic Liquid Density-of-States from Low-Cost Calculations. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 27 (17), pp. 9068-9075. https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CP00214A
Pore-pressure-dependent performance of rocking foundations
Irani, A. E., Hajialilue-Bonab, M., Assadi Langroudi, A. and Maleki Tabrizi, E. 2024. Pore-pressure-dependent performance of rocking foundations. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. 183 (Art. 108772). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.108772
New directions in experiment and theory, interfaces, and interactions: general discussion
Atkin, R., Bruce, D. W., Dryfe, R. A. W., Dubois, E., Edler, K. J., Elgar, C. E., Feeney, A., Goloviznina, K., Groves, T. S., Hansen, B., Holbrey, J. D., Holm, C., Kornyshev, A., Margulis, C. J., Markiewitz, D. M., Matthews, R., Maurer, J., Miao, S., Philippi, F., Rezabal, E., Roling, B., Rotenberg, B., Sangoro, J., Schönhoff, M., Slattery, J. M., Swadźba-Kwaśny, M., Taylor, N., Watanabe, M. and Yang, J. 2024. New directions in experiment and theory, interfaces, and interactions: general discussion. Faraday Discussions. 253, pp. 493-509. https://doi.org/10.1039/D4FD90037E
Controlling and predicting alkyl-onium electronic structure
Towers Tompkins, F. K., Parker, L. G., Fogarty, R. M., Seymour, J. M., Gousseva, E., Grinter, D. C., Palgrave, R. G., Smith, C. D., Bennett, R. A., Matthews, R. and Lovelock, K. R. J. 2024. Controlling and predicting alkyl-onium electronic structure. Chemical Communications. (60), p. 10756–10759. https://doi.org/10.1039/D4CC03388D
Unravelling the complex speciation of halozincate ionic liquids using X-ray spectroscopies and calculations
Seymour, J., Gousseva, E., Towers Tompkins, F., Parker, L., Alblewi, N., Clarke, C. J., Hayama, S., Palgrave, R., Bennett, R., Matthews, R. P. and Lovelock, K. R. J. 2024. Unravelling the complex speciation of halozincate ionic liquids using X-ray spectroscopies and calculations. Faraday Discussions. 253, pp. 251-272. https://doi.org/10.1039/D4FD00029C
Exploiting Cation Structure and Water Content in Modulating the Acidity of Ammonium Hydrogen Sulfate Protic Ionic Liquids
Firth, A. E. J., Nakasu, P. Y. S., Hallett, J. P. and Matthews, R. P. 2024. Exploiting Cation Structure and Water Content in Modulating the Acidity of Ammonium Hydrogen Sulfate Protic Ionic Liquids. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. 15 (9), pp. 2311-2318. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03583
Understanding the complexity of materials procurement in construction projects to build a conceptual framework influencing supply chain management of MSMEs
Donyavi, S., Flanagan, R., Assadi-Langroudi, A. and Parisi, L. 2024. Understanding the complexity of materials procurement in construction projects to build a conceptual framework influencing supply chain management of MSMEs. International Journal of Construction Management. 24 (2), pp. 177-186. https://doi.org/10.1080/15623599.2023.2267862
Unveiling the Rational Development of Stimuli-Responsive Silk Fibroin-Based Ionogel Formulations
Shmool, T. A., Martin, L. K., Jirkas, A., Matthews, R. P., Constantinou, A. P., Vadukul, D. M., Georgiou, T. K., Aprile, F. A. and Hallett, J. P. 2023. Unveiling the Rational Development of Stimuli-Responsive Silk Fibroin-Based Ionogel Formulations. Chemistry of Materials. 35 (15), p. 5798–5808. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c00303
Replacing C₃S Cement with PP Fibre and Nanobiosilica in Stabilisation of Organic Clays
Ghadr, S., Assadi Langroudi, A. and Bahadori, H. 2023. Replacing C₃S Cement with PP Fibre and Nanobiosilica in Stabilisation of Organic Clays. Geomechanics and Engineering. 34 (4), pp. 401-414. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2023.33.4.401
Optimising the use of Materials for Construction MSMEs: Building a Comprehensive Framework for Decision-Making and Resource Allocation through an Analytic Hierarchy Process
Donyavi, S., Flanagan, R., Assadi-Langroudi, A. and Parisi, L. 2023. Optimising the use of Materials for Construction MSMEs: Building a Comprehensive Framework for Decision-Making and Resource Allocation through an Analytic Hierarchy Process. International Journal of Construction Supply Chain Management (IJCSCM). 13 (1), pp. 50-74.
Loess in Britain and Ireland: Formation, modification and environmental significance, a review in memory of John Catt (1937–2017)
Bunce, C., Smalley, I., Stevens, T. and Assadi Langroudi, A. 2022. Loess in Britain and Ireland: Formation, modification and environmental significance, a review in memory of John Catt (1937–2017). Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 133 (6), pp. 501-517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pgeola.2022.06.005
Fractals for the Sustainable Design of Engineered Particulate Systems
Assadi Langroudi, A., Abdalla, H. and Ghadr, S. 2022. Fractals for the Sustainable Design of Engineered Particulate Systems. Sustainability. 14 (Art. 7287). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14127287
Recent advances in nature-inspired solutions for ground engineering (NiSE)
Assadi Langroudi, A., O’Kelly, B. C., Barreto, D., Cotecchia, F., Dicks, H., Ekinci, A., Garcia, F. E. T., Harbottle, M., Tagarelli, V., Jefferson, I., Maghoul, P., Masoero, E., Mountassir, G. E., Muhunthan, B., Geng, X., Ghadr, S., Mirzababaei, M., Mitrani, H. and van Paassen, L. 2022. Recent advances in nature-inspired solutions for ground engineering (NiSE). International Journal of Geosynthetics and Ground Engineering. 8 (Art. 3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40891-021-00349-9
Stabilisation of peat with colloidal nano and micro silica
Ghadr, S. and Assadi Langroudi, A. 2022. Stabilisation of peat with colloidal nano and micro silica. Mires and Peat. 28 (Art. 14). https://doi.org/10.19189/MaP.2021.OMB.StA.2183
Liquefaction resistance of fibre-reinforced silty sands under cyclic loading
Ghadr, S., Samadzadeh, A., Bahadori, H. and Assadi Langroudi, A. 2020. Liquefaction resistance of fibre-reinforced silty sands under cyclic loading. Geotextiles and Geomembranes. 48 (6), pp. 812-827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2020.07.002
Stabilization of Sand with Colloidal Nano-Silica Hydrosols
Ghadr, S., Assadi Langroudi, A., Hung, C., O’Kelly, B. C., Bahadori, H. and Ghodsi, T. 2020. Stabilization of Sand with Colloidal Nano-Silica Hydrosols. Applied Sciences. 10 (Art. 5192). https://doi.org/10.3390/app10155192
Chapter 6 Collapsible Soils in the UK
Culshaw, M. G., Northmore, K. J., Jefferson, I., Assadi Langroudi, A. and Bell, F. G. 2020. Chapter 6 Collapsible Soils in the UK. Engineering Geology Special Publications. 29 (1), pp. 187--203. https://doi.org/10.1144/EGSP29.6
Stabilisation of peat with colloidal nanosilica
Ghadr, S., Assadi Langroudi, A. and Hung, C. 2020. Stabilisation of peat with colloidal nanosilica. Mires and Peat. 26 (Art. 9). https://doi.org/10.19189/MaP.2019.OMB.StA.1896
A conceptual model for loess in England: Principles and applications
Assadi Langroudi, A. 2019. A conceptual model for loess in England: Principles and applications. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 130 (2), pp. 115-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pgeola.2018.12.003
Small strain stiffness of loessic soils across South East England
Nobee-Fox, H. and Assadi Langroudi, A. 2019. Small strain stiffness of loessic soils across South East England. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Science. 7 (3), pp. 1-16.
Assessment of the Suitability of the Fall Cone Method to Replace the Casagrande Cup for Liquid Limit Determination of South African Soils
Theron, E., Stott, P. R., Vosloo, P. and Assadi Langroudi, A. 2019. Assessment of the Suitability of the Fall Cone Method to Replace the Casagrande Cup for Liquid Limit Determination of South African Soils. 17th African Regional Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. Cape Town, ZA 06 - 10 Oct 2019 International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering.
Anisotropy in Sand–Fibre Composites and Undrained Stress–Strain Implications
Ghadr, S., Bahadori, H. and Assadi Langroudi, A. 2019. Anisotropy in Sand–Fibre Composites and Undrained Stress–Strain Implications. International Journal of Geosynthetics and Ground Engineering. 5 (Art. 23). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40891-019-0174-x
A Probabilistic Approach to the Spatial Variability of Ground Properties in the Design of Urban Deep Excavation
Herridge, J. B., Tsiminis, K., Winzen, J., Assadi Langroudi, A., McHugh, M., Ghadr, S. and Donyavi, S. 2019. A Probabilistic Approach to the Spatial Variability of Ground Properties in the Design of Urban Deep Excavation. Infrastructures. 4 (Art. 51). https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures4030051
Compacted Expansive Elastic Silt and Tyre Powder Waste
Ghadr, S., Mirsalehi, S. and Assadi Langroudi, A. 2019. Compacted Expansive Elastic Silt and Tyre Powder Waste. Geomechanics and Engineering. 18 (5), pp. 535-543. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2019.18.5.535
Lime Cake as an Alternative Stabiliser for Loose Clayey Loams
Assadi Langroudi, A., Ghadr, S., Theron, E., Oderinde, S. A. and Katsipatakis, E. M. 2019. Lime Cake as an Alternative Stabiliser for Loose Clayey Loams. International Journal of Geosynthetics and Ground Engineering. 5 (Art. 22). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40891-019-0173-y
Effect of Grain Size and Shape on Undrained Behaviour of Sands
Ghadr, S. and Assadi Langroudi, A. 2019. Effect of Grain Size and Shape on Undrained Behaviour of Sands. International Journal of Geosynthetics and Ground Engineering. 5 (Art. 18). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40891-019-0170-1
Gaps in Particulate Matters: Formation, Mechanisms, Implications
Assadi Langroudi, A. and Theron, E. 2019. Gaps in Particulate Matters: Formation, Mechanisms, Implications. 17th African Regional Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. Cape Town, ZA 06 - 10 Oct 2019 International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. pp. 169-174
Structure-based hydro-mechanical properties of sand-bentonite composites
Ghadr, Soheil and Assadi Langroudi, A. 2018. Structure-based hydro-mechanical properties of sand-bentonite composites. Engineering Geology. 235, pp. 53-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2018.02.002
A Conceptual Model for Climatic-responsive Vernacular Architectural Forms
Kamalifard, S. and Assadi Langroudi, A. 2018. A Conceptual Model for Climatic-responsive Vernacular Architectural Forms. in: Elsharkaway, H., Zahiri, S. and Clough, J. (ed.) International Conference for Sustainable Design of the Built Environment (SDBE 2018): Proceedings International Conference for Sustainable Design of the Built Environment (SDBE 2018). pp. 575-588
Loess as a collapsible soil: Some basic particle packing aspects
Assadi Langroudi, A., Ng’ambi, Samson and Smalley, Ian 2017. Loess as a collapsible soil: Some basic particle packing aspects. Quaternary International. 469 (Part A), pp. 20-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2016.09.058
Shear Strength in Terms of Coulomb C-Intercept
Assadi Langroudi, A. 2014. Shear Strength in Terms of Coulomb C-Intercept. Journal of Geotechnical Geology. 9 (4), pp. 283-292.
Constraints in using site-won calcareous clayey silt (loam) as fill materials
Assadi Langroudi, A. and Jefferson, I. 2015. Constraints in using site-won calcareous clayey silt (loam) as fill materials. in: Winter, M. G., Smith, D. M., Eldred, P. J. L. and Toll, D. G. (ed.) Geotechnical Engineering for Infrastructure and Development ICE Publishing (Institute of Civil Engineers). pp. 1947-1952
Quantitative evaluation of microstructure characteristics of cement-consolidated soil
Assadi Langroudi, A. 2013. Quantitative evaluation of microstructure characteristics of cement-consolidated soil. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment. 73 (1), pp. 203-204.
Micromechanics of quartz sand breakage in a fractal context
Assadi Langroudi, A., Jefferson, Ian, O'hara-Dhand, Kenneth and Smalley, Ian 2013. Micromechanics of quartz sand breakage in a fractal context. Geomorphology. 211, pp. 1-10.
Control of fault lay-out on seismic design of large underground caverns
Ardeshiri-Lajimi, Saeid, Yazdani, Mahmoud and Assadi Langroudi, A. 2015. Control of fault lay-out on seismic design of large underground caverns. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. 50, pp. 305-316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2015.07.002
The response of reworked aerosols to climate through estimation of inter-particle forces
Assadi Langroudi, A. and Jefferson, I. 2016. The response of reworked aerosols to climate through estimation of inter-particle forces. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 13 (4), pp. 1159-1168. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-016-0958-7
A Study on the liquefaction risk in seismic design of foundations
Ardeshiri-Lajimi, Saeid, Yazdani, Mahmoud and Assadi Langroudi, A. 2016. A Study on the liquefaction risk in seismic design of foundations. Geomechanics and Engineering. 11 (6), pp. 805-820. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2016.11.6.805