School Age Neurological and Cognitive Outcomes of Fetal Growth Retardation or Small for Gestational Age Birth Weight

Article


Vollmer, Brigitte and Edmonds, C. 2019. School Age Neurological and Cognitive Outcomes of Fetal Growth Retardation or Small for Gestational Age Birth Weight. Frontiers in Endocrinology. 10, p. Art. 186. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2019.00186
AuthorsVollmer, Brigitte and Edmonds, C.
Abstract

Children who were growth restricted in utero (FGR) and are born small for gestational age (SGA) may experience poorer long term neurological and cognitive outcomes. Those also born preterm may have particular difficulties. The objective of this paper was to review the literature on school age neurocognitive outcome for term and preterm children that was published in the last fifteen years. Considering term born children first, there is evidence that these children are at higher risk for Cerebral Palsy (CP) than those born appropriate for gestational age (AGA); information on neuromotor function in the absence of CP is somewhat contradictory. With regards to cognitive outcome, the most common finding was that being born SGA and/or FGR at term does not impact negatively on general intellectual functioning, commonly assessed by IQ scores. There was some indication that they may experience particular problems with attention. With regards to children born preterm, the risk of CP appears not to be increased compared to those preterms born AGA. For preterm children who do not develop CP, motor outcome is more affected by post-natal and post-neonatal brain growth than intrauterine growth. In contrast to term born children, preterm SGA and/or FGR children are at increased risk of cognitive and behavioural difficulties, and in common with term born children, are at higher risk than their AGA counterparts of difficulties with attentional control. In conclusion, preterm born SGA and/or FGR children are at higher risk of neurodevelopmental problems in the school years. It is important to continue to follow up children into the school age years because these difficulties may take time to emerge, and may be more visible in the more demanding school environment.

JournalFrontiers in Endocrinology
Journal citation10, p. Art. 186
ISSN1664-2392
Year2019
PublisherFrontiers Media
Publisher's version
License
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2019.00186
Web address (URL)https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2019.00186
Publication dates
Print28 Mar 2019
Publication process dates
Deposited28 Mar 2019
Accepted06 Mar 2019
Accepted06 Mar 2019
Copyright information© The authors
LicenseCC BY 4.0
Permalink -

https://repository.uel.ac.uk/item/84421

Download files


Publisher's version
fendo-10-00186.pdf
License: CC BY 4.0

  • 172
    total views
  • 244
    total downloads
  • 2
    views this month
  • 6
    downloads this month

Export as

Related outputs

Water Consumption Increases Handwriting Speed and Volume Consumed Relates to Increased Finger‑tapping Speed in Schoolchildren
Booth, P., Hunyadvari, N., Dawkins, L., Moore, D., Gentile‑Rapinett, G. and Edmonds, C. J. 2022. Water Consumption Increases Handwriting Speed and Volume Consumed Relates to Increased Finger‑tapping Speed in Schoolchildren. Journal of Cognitive Enhancement. 6, pp. 183-191. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41465-021-00232-5
Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischaemic Encephalopathy: Motor Impairment beyond Cerebral Palsy
Erdi-Krausz, G., Rocha, R., Brown, A., Myneni, A., Lennartsson, F., Romsauerova, A., Cianfaglione, R., Edmonds, C. and Vollmer, B. 2021. Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischaemic Encephalopathy: Motor Impairment beyond Cerebral Palsy. European Journal of Paediatric Neurology. 35, pp. 74-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpn.2021.10.005
Drinking Water Enhances Cognitive Performance: Positive Effects on Working Memory but Not Long-Term Memory
Edmonds, C., Beeley, J., Rizzo, I., Booth, P. and Gardner, M. 2021. Drinking Water Enhances Cognitive Performance: Positive Effects on Working Memory but Not Long-Term Memory. Journal of Cognitive Enhancement. 6, p. 67–73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41465-021-00225-4
Children with neonatal Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) treated with therapeutic hypothermia are not as school ready as their peers
Edmonds, C. J., Cianfaglione, R., Cornforth, C. and Vollmer, B. 2021. Children with neonatal Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) treated with therapeutic hypothermia are not as school ready as their peers. Acta Paediatrica. 110 (10), pp. 2756-2765. https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.16002
Dehydration in older people: a systematic review of the effects of dehydration on health outcomes, healthcare costs and cognitive performance
Edmonds, C., Foglia, E., Booth, P., Fu, C. and Gardner, M. 2021. Dehydration in older people: a systematic review of the effects of dehydration on health outcomes, healthcare costs and cognitive performance. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 95 (Art. 104380). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2021.104380
Taking Class Notes by Hand Compared to Typing: Effects on Children’s Recall and Understanding
Horbury, S. R. and Edmonds, C. 2020. Taking Class Notes by Hand Compared to Typing: Effects on Children’s Recall and Understanding. Journal of Research in Childhood Education. 35 (1), pp. 55-67. https://doi.org/10.1080/02568543.2020.1781307
Minor neurological signs and behavioural function at age 2 years in neonatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE)
Edmonds, C., Helps, A., Hart, D., Zatorska, A. M., Gupta, N., Cianfaglione, R. and Vollmer, B. 2020. Minor neurological signs and behavioural function at age 2 years in neonatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE). European Journal of Paediatric Neurology. 27, pp. 78-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpn.2020.04.003
The impact of water consumption on hydration and cognition among schoolchildren: Methods and results from a crossover trial in rural Mali
Chard, A, Trinies, V, Edmonds, C., Soggore, A and Freeman, MC 2019. The impact of water consumption on hydration and cognition among schoolchildren: Methods and results from a crossover trial in rural Mali. PLoS ONE. 14 (1), p. e0210568. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210568
At what stage in the drinking process does drinking water affect attention and memory? Effects of mouth rinsing and mouth drying in adults
Edmonds, C., Skeete, J., Klamerus, E. and Gardner, M. 2019. At what stage in the drinking process does drinking water affect attention and memory? Effects of mouth rinsing and mouth drying in adults. Psychological Research. 85, p. 214–222. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-019-01229-8
How does drinking water affect attention and memory? The effect of mouth rinsing and mouth drying on children's performance
Edmonds, C., Harte, Naomi and Gardner, Mark 2018. How does drinking water affect attention and memory? The effect of mouth rinsing and mouth drying on children's performance. Physiology & Behavior. 194, pp. 233-238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.06.004
Implicit Mentalising during Level-1 Visual Perspective-Taking Indicated by Dissociation with Attention Orienting
Gardner, M.R., Beleviciute, A.P. and Edmonds, C. 2018. Implicit Mentalising during Level-1 Visual Perspective-Taking Indicated by Dissociation with Attention Orienting. Vision. 2 (3). https://doi.org/10.3390/vision2010003
'Spontaneous' visual perspective-taking mediated by attention orienting that is voluntary and not reflexive
Gardner, Mark R., Hull, Zainabb, Taylor, Donna and Edmonds, C. 2018. 'Spontaneous' visual perspective-taking mediated by attention orienting that is voluntary and not reflexive. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. 71 (4), pp. 1020-1029. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2017.1307868
Dose-Response Effects of Water Supplementation on Cognitive Performance and Mood in Children and Adults
Edmonds, C., Crosbie, Laura, Fatima, Fareeha, Hussain, Maryam, Jacob, Nicole and Gardner, Mark 2016. Dose-Response Effects of Water Supplementation on Cognitive Performance and Mood in Children and Adults. Appetite. 108, pp. 464-470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.11.011
The effect of carbohydrate mouth rinsing on fencing performance and cognitive function following fatigue-inducing fencing
Rowlatt, G., Bottoms, Lindsay, Edmonds, C. and Buscombe, R. 2016. The effect of carbohydrate mouth rinsing on fencing performance and cognitive function following fatigue-inducing fencing. European Journal Of Sport Science. 17 (4), pp. 433-440. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2016.1251497
Observed bodies generate object-based spatial codes
Taylor, Alison, Flynn, Maria, Edmonds, C. and Gardner, Mark R. 2016. Observed bodies generate object-based spatial codes. Acta Psychologica. 169 (Sep.), pp. 71-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2016.05.009
The effect of carbohydrate mouth rinsing on fencing performance and cognitive function following a fatigue inducing simulated bout of fencing in national level foil fencers
Bottoms, L., Rowlatt, Georgina, Edmonds, C. and Buscombe, R. 2016. The effect of carbohydrate mouth rinsing on fencing performance and cognitive function following a fatigue inducing simulated bout of fencing in national level foil fencers. Biomedical Basis of Elite Performance 2016. Nottingham, UK 06 - 08 Mar 2016
The effect of carbohydrate mouth rinse on a 30-minute arm cranking performance
Andersson, H., Sinclair, J., Knight, A., Buscombe, R., Edmonds, C. and Bottoms, L. 2016. The effect of carbohydrate mouth rinse on a 30-minute arm cranking performance. Comparative Exercise Physiology. 12 (1), pp. 41-47. https://doi.org/10.3920/CEP150032
Subjective thirst moderates changes in speed of responding associated with water consumption
Edmonds, C., Crombie, Rosanna and Gardner, Mark R. 2013. Subjective thirst moderates changes in speed of responding associated with water consumption. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. 7, p. Art363.
Strategy modulates spatial perspective-taking: evidence for dissociable disembodied and embodied routes
Gardner, Mark R, Brazier, Mark, Edmonds, C. and Gronholm, Petra C. 2013. Strategy modulates spatial perspective-taking: evidence for dissociable disembodied and embodied routes. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. 7, p. Art457.
Water consumption, not expectancies about water consumption, affects cognitive performance in adults
Edmonds, C., Crombie, Rosanna, Baillieux, Haiko, Gardner, Mark R and Dawkins, L. 2013. Water consumption, not expectancies about water consumption, affects cognitive performance in adults. Appetite. 60, pp. 148-153.
Expectation of having consumed caffeine can improve performance and mood
Dawkins, L., Shahzad, Fatima-Zahra, Ahmed, Suada S. and Edmonds, C. 2011. Expectation of having consumed caffeine can improve performance and mood. Appetite. 57 (3), pp. 597-600.
The effect of intra-uterine growth on Verbal IQ scores in childhood: a monozygotic twin study
Edmonds, C., Isaacs, Elizabeth B., Cole, Tim J., Haslinger Rogers, Mary, Lanigan, Julie, Singhal, Atul, Birbara, Toni, Gringras, Paul and Denton, Jane 2010. The effect of intra-uterine growth on Verbal IQ scores in childhood: a monozygotic twin study. Pediatrics. 126 (5), pp. e1095-e1101.
Generating inferences from written and spoken language: a comparison of children with visual impairment and children with sight
Edmonds, C. and Pring, Linda 2006. Generating inferences from written and spoken language: a comparison of children with visual impairment and children with sight. British Journal of Developmental Psychology. 24 (2), pp. 337-351.
Inspection time and cognitive abilities in twins aged 7 to 17 years: age-related changes, heritability and genetic covariance
Edmonds, C., Isaacs, Elizabeth B., Visscher, Peter M., Rogers, Mary, Lanigan, Julie, Singhal, Atul, Lucas, Alan, Gringras, Paul, Denton, Jane and Deary, Ian J. 2008. Inspection time and cognitive abilities in twins aged 7 to 17 years: age-related changes, heritability and genetic covariance. Intelligence. 36 (3), pp. 210-225.
Should children drink more water? The effects of drinking water on cognition in children
Edmonds, C. and Burford, Denise 2009. Should children drink more water? The effects of drinking water on cognition in children. Appetite. 52 (3), pp. 776-779.
Aluminum exposure from parenteral nutrition in preterm infants: bone health at 15-year follow-up
Fewtrell, Mary S., Bishop, Nick J., Edmonds, C., Isaacs, Elizabeth B. and Lucas, Alan 2009. Aluminum exposure from parenteral nutrition in preterm infants: bone health at 15-year follow-up. Pediatrics. 124 (5), pp. 1372-1379.
Does having a drink help you think? 6–7-year-old children show improvements in cognitive performance from baseline to test after having a drink of water
Edmonds, C. and Jeffes, Ben 2009. Does having a drink help you think? 6–7-year-old children show improvements in cognitive performance from baseline to test after having a drink of water. Appetite. 53 (3), pp. 469-472.