Review: Non‐invasive brain stimulation in behavioral addictions: insights from direct comparisons with substance use disorders

Article

Gomis Vicent, E., Thoma, V., Turner, J., Hill, K. P. and Pascual‐Leone, A. 2019. Review: Non‐invasive brain stimulation in behavioral addictions: insights from direct comparisons with substance use disorders. The American Journal on Addictions. 28 (6), pp. 431-454. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.12945
AuthorsGomis Vicent, E., Thoma, V., Turner, J., Hill, K. P. and Pascual‐Leone, A.
Abstract

Background and Objectives

Treatment models developed for substance use disorders (SUDs) are often applied to behavioral addictions (BAs), even though the correspondence between these forms of addiction is unclear. This is also the case for noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques being investigated as potential treatment interventions for SUDs and BAs. Objectives: to contribute to the development of more effective NIBS protocols for BAs.
Methods

Two literature searches using PubMed and Google Scholar were conducted identifying a total of 35 studies. The first search identified 25 studies examining the cognitive and neurophysiological overlap between BAs and SUDs. The second search yielded 10 studies examining the effects of NIBS in BAs.
Results

Impulsivity and cravings show behavioral and neurophysiologic overlaps between BAs and SUDs, however, other outcomes like working‐memory abilities or striatal connectivity, differ between BAs and SUDs. The most‐employed NIBS target in BAs was dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), which was associated with a decrease in cravings, and less frequently with a reduction of addiction severity.
Conclusions and Scientific Significance

Direct comparisons between BAs and SUDs revealed discrepancies between behavioral and neurophysiological outcomes, but overall, common and distinctive characteristics underlying each disorder. The lack of complete overlap between BAs and SUDs suggests that investigating the cognitive and neurophysiological features of BAs to create individual NIBS protocols that target risk‐factors associated specifically with BAs, might be more effective than transferring protocols from SUDs to BAs. Individualizing NIBS protocols to target specific risk‐factors associated with each BA might help to improve treatment interventions for BAs. (Am J Addict 2019;00:1–23)

JournalThe American Journal on Addictions
Journal citation28 (6), pp. 431-454
ISSN1055-0496
Year2019
PublisherWiley
Accepted author manuscript
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Anyone
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.12945
Web address (URL)https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.12945
Publication dates
Online12 Sep 2019
Publication process dates
Accepted27 Jul 2019
Deposited13 Sep 2019
FunderGambleAware
Copyright holder© 2019 American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry.
Copyright informationThis is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Gomis‐Vicent, E. , Thoma, V. , Turner, J. J., Hill, K. P. and Pascual‐Leone, A. (2019), Review: Non‐invasive brain stimulation in behavioral addictions: insights from direct comparisons with substance use disorders. Am J Addict., 28 (6) pp. 431-454, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.12945. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.
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