An Innovative Approach Based on Machine Learning to Evaluate the Risk Factors Importance in Diagnosing Keratoconus

Article

Zorto, A. D., Sharif, S., Wall, J., Brahma, A., Alzahrani, A. I. and Alalwan, N. 2023. An Innovative Approach Based on Machine Learning to Evaluate the Risk Factors Importance in Diagnosing Keratoconus. Informatics in Medicine Unlocked. 38, p. 101208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imu.2023.101208
AuthorsZorto, A. D., Sharif, S., Wall, J., Brahma, A., Alzahrani, A. I. and Alalwan, N.
Abstract

Background and objective:
Keratoconus is a non-inflammatory corneal condition affecting both eyes and is present in one out of every 2,000 people worldwide. The cornea deforms into a conical shape and thins, resulting in high-order aberrations and gradual vision loss. Risk factor analysis in the degradation of keratoconus is under-researched.

Methods:
This research work investigates and uses effective machine learning models to gain insight into how much the risk factors of a patient contribute towards the progressive stages of keratoconus, as well as how significant these factors are in the creation of an accurate prediction model. This research demonstrates the value of machine learning approaches on a clinical dataset. This research paper employs several machine learning algorithms to classify the patients' stage of keratoconus using clinical information, such as measurements of the cornea's topography, elevation, and pachymetry taken using pentacam equipment at Sydney's Vision Eye Institute Chatswood.

Results:
Eight different machine learning techniques were investigated over three variations of a dataset and achieved an average accuracy of 68, 80, and 90% for the risk factor, pentacam, and cumulative datasets, respectively. The results show a significant increase in accuracy and a 97% increase in AUC upon addition of risk factor data compared to the models trained on pentacam data alone. The machine learning methods shown in this paper outperform those in current research.

Conclusions:
This research highlights the importance of machine learning methods and risk factor data in the diagnosis of keratoconus and highlights the patient's primary optical aid as the strongest risk factor. The goal of this research is to support the work of the ophthalmologists in diagnosing keratoconus and provide better care for the patient.

JournalInformatics in Medicine Unlocked
Journal citation38, p. 101208
ISSN2352-9148
Year2023
PublisherElsevier
Accepted author manuscript
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Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imu.2023.101208
Publication dates
Online08 Mar 2023
Publication process dates
Accepted02 Mar 2023
Deposited13 Mar 2023
Copyright holder© 2023 The Authors.
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Raj Theeng Tamang, M., Sharif, M. S., Al-Bayatti, A. H., Alfakeeh, A. S. and Omar Alsayed, A. 2020. A Machine-Learning-Based Approach to Predict the Health Impacts of Commuting in Large Cities: Case Study of London. Symmetry. 12 (Art. 866). https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12050866
Semantic-Based Process Mining Technique for Annotation and Modelling of Domain Processes
Okoye, K., Islam, S., Naeem, U. and Sharif, S. 2020. Semantic-Based Process Mining Technique for Annotation and Modelling of Domain Processes. International Journal of Innovative Computing, Information and Control. 16 (3), pp. 899-921. https://doi.org/10.24507/ijicic.16.03.899
Positron emission tomography PET/CT harmonisation study of different clinical PET/CT scanners using commercially available software
Lowe, G., Spottiswoode, B., Declerck, J., Sullivan,, K., Sharif, S., Wong, W. and Sanghera, B. 2020. Positron emission tomography PET/CT harmonisation study of different clinical PET/CT scanners using commercially available software. BJR Open. 2 (Art. 20190035). https://doi.org/10.1259/bjro.20190035
An Accurate Ensemble Classifier for Medical Volume Analysis: Phantom and Clinical PET Study
Sharif, S., Abbod, M., Al-Bayatti, A., Amira, A., Alfakeeh, A. and Sanghera, B. 2020. An Accurate Ensemble Classifier for Medical Volume Analysis: Phantom and Clinical PET Study. IEEE Access. 8, pp. 37482-37494. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2975135
Fraud detection in telephone conversations for financial services using linguistic features
Bajaj, N., Goodluck Constance, T., Rajwadi, M., Wall, J., Moniri, M., Glackin, C., Cannings, N., Woodruff, C. and Laird, J. 2019. Fraud detection in telephone conversations for financial services using linguistic features. Neural Information Processing Systems - NeurIPS 2019. Vancouver, Canada 08 - 14 Dec 2019 NeurIPS.
Variance Ranking for Multi-Classed Imbalanced Datasets: A Case Study of One-Versus-All
Ebenuwa, S., Sharif, S., Al-Nemrat, A., Al-Bayatti, A. H., Alalwan, N., Alzahrani, A. I. and Alfarraj, O. 2019. Variance Ranking for Multi-Classed Imbalanced Datasets: A Case Study of One-Versus-All. Symmetry. 11 (Art. 1504). https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11121504
Policy-Based Security Management System for 5G Heterogeneous Networks
Alquhayz, H., Alalwan, N., Alzahrani, A. I., Al-Bayatti, A. H. and Sharif, S. 2019. Policy-Based Security Management System for 5G Heterogeneous Networks. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing. 2019 (Art. 4582391). https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4582391
A Framework for Augmented Reality Based Shared Experiences
Ali, A., Glackin, C., Cannings, N., Wall, J., Sharif, S. and Moniri, M. 2019. A Framework for Augmented Reality Based Shared Experiences. Immersive Learning Research Network - iLRN. London, UK 23 - 27 Jun 2019 Technischen Universität Graz. https://doi.org/10.3217/978-3-85125-657-4-24
Smart Transcription
Wall, J., Glackin, C., Dugan, N. and Cannings, N. 2019. Smart Transcription. 31st European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics. Belfast, UK 10 - 13 Sep 2019 Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). https://doi.org/10.1145/3335082.3335114
Explaining Sentiment Classification
Rajwadi, M., Glackin, C., Wall, J., Chollet, G. and Cannings, N. 2019. Explaining Sentiment Classification. Interspeech 2019. Graz, AT 15 - 19 Sep 2019 International Speech Communication Association. https://doi.org/10.21437/Interspeech.2019-2743
A Deep Learning Based Suggested Model to Detect Necrotising Enterocolitis in Abdominal Radiography Images
Van Druten, J., Sharif, S., Chan, S. S., Chong, C. and Abdalla, H. 2019. A Deep Learning Based Suggested Model to Detect Necrotising Enterocolitis in Abdominal Radiography Images. IEEE International Conference on Computing, Electronics & Communications Engineering 2019 (IEEE iCCECE '19) . London Metropolitan University, London, UK 22 - 23 Aug 2019 IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/iCCECE46942.2019.8941615
Context-Aware Driver Distraction Severity Classification using LSTM Network
Fasanmade, A., Aliyu, S., He, Y., Al-Bayatti, A. H., Sharif, S. and Alfakeeh, A. S. 2019. Context-Aware Driver Distraction Severity Classification using LSTM Network. IEEE International Conference on Computing, Electronics & Communications Engineering 2019 (IEEE iCCECE '19) . London Metropolitan University, London, UK 22 - 23 Aug 2019 IEEE. pp. 147-152 https://doi.org/10.1109/iCCECE46942.2019.8941966
Predicting the Standard and Deviant Patterns In EEG Signals Based On Deep Learning Model
Sharif, S., Al-Bayatti, A. H. and Alfakeeh, A. S. 2019. Predicting the Standard and Deviant Patterns In EEG Signals Based On Deep Learning Model. IEEE International Conference on Computing, Electronics & Communications Engineering 2019 (IEEE iCCECE '19) . London Metropolitan University, London, UK 22 - 23 Aug 2019 IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/iCCECE46942.2019.8941730
Effect of PET Image Reconstruction Techniques on Unexpected Aorta Uptake
Hirji, H., Sullivan, K., Lasker, I., Sharif, S., Nunes, A., Shepherd, C., Wong, W. and Sanghera, B. 2019. Effect of PET Image Reconstruction Techniques on Unexpected Aorta Uptake. Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy. 28 (1), pp. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.4274/mirt.galenos.2018.88528
Variance Ranking Attributes Selection Techniques for Binary Classification Problem in Imbalance Data
Ebenuwa, S., Sharif, M., Alazab, Mamoun and Al-Nemrat, A. 2019. Variance Ranking Attributes Selection Techniques for Binary Classification Problem in Imbalance Data. IEEE Access. 7, pp. 24649-24666. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2899578
Towards a More Representative Definition of Cyber Security
Schatz, Daniel, Bashroush, R. and Wall, J. 2017. Towards a More Representative Definition of Cyber Security. Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law. 12 (2), pp. 53-74. https://doi.org/10.15394/jdfsl.2017.1476
Medical data analysis based on Nao robot: An automated approach towards robotic real-time interaction with human body
Sharif, M. and Alsibai, Mohammed Hayyan 2018. Medical data analysis based on Nao robot: An automated approach towards robotic real-time interaction with human body. in: 2017 7th IEEE International Conference on Control System, Computing and Engineering (ICCSCE) IEEE. pp. 91-96
A Proposed Machine Learning Based Collective Disease Model to Enable Predictive Diagnostics in Necrotising Enterocolitis
van Druten, Jacqueline, Sharif, M., Khashu, Minesh and Abdalla, H. 2019. A Proposed Machine Learning Based Collective Disease Model to Enable Predictive Diagnostics in Necrotising Enterocolitis. in: Miraz, Mahdi H., Exce, Peter S., Jones, Andrew, Soomro, Safeeullah and Ali, Maaruf (ed.) Proceedings 2018 International Conference on Computing, Electronics & Communications Engineering (iCCECE) IEEE. pp. 101-106
A Machine Learning Techniques to Detect Counterfeit Medicine Based on X-Ray Fluorescence Analyser
Alsallal, Muna, Sharif, M., Al-Ghzawi, Baydaa and al Mutoki, Sabah Mohammed Mlkat 2019. A Machine Learning Techniques to Detect Counterfeit Medicine Based on X-Ray Fluorescence Analyser. in: Miraz, Mahdi H., Excell, Peter S., Jones, Andrew, Soomro, Safeeullah and Ali, Maaruf (ed.) Proceedings 2018 International Conference on Computing, Electronics & Communications Engineering (iCCECE) IEEE. pp. 118-122
An Innovative EPW Design Using Add-on Features to Meet Malaysian Requirements
Alsibai, Mohammed Hayyan, Sharif, M., Yaakub, Salma and Hamran, Nurul Nadia Nor 2018. An Innovative EPW Design Using Add-on Features to Meet Malaysian Requirements. in: Proceedings of the 7th IEEE International Conference on Control Systems, Computing and Engineering (ICCSCE 2017) IEEE. pp. 180-185
An Effective TeleHealth Assistive System to Support Senior Citizen at Home or Care-Homes
Sharif, M., Alsallal, Muna and Herghelegiu, Lucian 2018. An Effective TeleHealth Assistive System to Support Senior Citizen at Home or Care-Homes. IEEE International Conference on Computing, Electronics & Communications Engineering 2018 (iCCECE '18). Southend, UK 16 - 17 Aug 2018 IEEE. pp. 113-117 https://doi.org/10.1109/iCCECOME.2018.8658877
Functional Connectivity Evaluation for Infant EEG Signals based on Artificial Neural Network
Sharif, M., Naeem, U., Islam, S. and Karami, A. 2018. Functional Connectivity Evaluation for Infant EEG Signals based on Artificial Neural Network. Arai, Kohei, Kapoor, Supriya and Bhatia, Rahul (ed.) Intelligent Systems Conference (IntelliSys) 2018. London, UK 06 - 07 Sep 2018 Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01057-7_34
The Application of a Semantic-Based Process Mining Framework on a Learning Process Domain
Okoye, Kingsley, Islam, S., Naeem, U., Sharif, M., Azam, Muhammad Awais and Karami, A. 2018. The Application of a Semantic-Based Process Mining Framework on a Learning Process Domain. Arai, Kohei, Kapoor, Supriya and Bhatia, Rahul (ed.) Intelligent Systems Conference (IntelliSys) 2018. London, UK 06 - 07 Sep 2018 Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01054-6_96
Taskification – Gamification of Tasks
Naeem, U., Islam, S., Sharif, M., Sudakov, Sergey and Azam, Awais 2017. Taskification – Gamification of Tasks. in: Proceedings of the 2017 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing and Proceedings of the 2017 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). pp. 631-634
SignalSense - Towards Quality Service
Islam, S., Sharif, M., Naeem, U. and Geehan, James 2017. SignalSense - Towards Quality Service. in: Proceedings of the 2017 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing and Proceedings of the 2017 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). pp. 627-630
CrimeSafe - Helping you stay safe
Islam, S., Naeem, U., Sharif, M. and Dovnarovic, Arnold 2017. CrimeSafe - Helping you stay safe. in: Proceedings of the 2017 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing and Proceedings of the 2017 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). pp. 642-645
The Future of Enterprise Security with Regards to Mobile Technology and Applications
Tagoe, F. T. and Sharif, M. 2017. The Future of Enterprise Security with Regards to Mobile Technology and Applications. in: Jahankhani, Hamid, Carlile, Alex, Emm, David, Hosseinian-Far, Amin, Brown, Guy, Sexton, Graham and Jamal, Arshad (ed.) Global Security, Safety and Sustainability - The Security Challenges of the Connected World. ICGS3 2017 Proceedings Springer International Publishing.
Actor-Network Theory as a Framework to Analyse Technology Acceptance Model’s External Variables: The Case of Autonomous Vehicles
Seuwou, Patrice, Banissi, Ebad, Ubakanma, George, Sharif, M. and Healey, Ann 2017. Actor-Network Theory as a Framework to Analyse Technology Acceptance Model’s External Variables: The Case of Autonomous Vehicles. in: Jahankhani, Hamid, Carlile, Alex, Emm, David, Hosseinian-Far, Amin, Brown, Guy, Sexton, Graham and Jamal, Arshad (ed.) Global Security, Safety and Sustainability - The Security Challenges of the Connected World. ICGS3 2017 Proceedings Springer International Publishing.
An efficient system for preprocessing confocal corneal images for subsequent analysis
Sharif, M., Qahwaji, Rami, Hayajneh, Sofyan, Ipson, Stanley, Alzubaidi, Rania and Brahma, Arun 2014. An efficient system for preprocessing confocal corneal images for subsequent analysis. in: 2014 14th UK Workshop on Computational Intelligence (UKCI) IEEE.
Artificial Neural Network-Based System for PET Volume Segmentation
Sharif, M., Abbod, Maysam, Amira, Abbes and Zaidi, Habib 2010. Artificial Neural Network-Based System for PET Volume Segmentation. International Journal of Biomedical Imaging. 2010 (105610). https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/105610
Artificial Neural Network-Statistical Approach for PET Volume Analysis and Classification
Sharif, M., Abbod, Maysam, Amira, Abbes and Zaidi, Habib 2012. Artificial Neural Network-Statistical Approach for PET Volume Analysis and Classification. Advances in Fuzzy Systems. 2012 (327861). https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/327861
Machine Learning Optimisation for Realistic 2D and 3D PET-CT Phantom Study
Sharif, M., Abbod, Maysam, Sonoda, Luke I. and Sanghera, Bal 2013. Machine Learning Optimisation for Realistic 2D and 3D PET-CT Phantom Study. British Journal of Applied Science & Technology. 4 (4), pp. 634-649. https://doi.org/10.9734/bjast/2014/5084
Preparation of 2D sequences of corneal images for 3D model building
Elbita, Abdulhakim, Qahwaji, Rami, Ipson, Stanley, Sharif, M. and Ghanchi, Faruque 2015. Preparation of 2D sequences of corneal images for 3D model building. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine. 114 (2), pp. 194-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2014.01.009
Medical image classification based on artificial intelligence approaches: A practical study on normal and abnormal confocal corneal images
Sharif, M., Qahwaji, R., Ipson, S. and Brahma, A. 2015. Medical image classification based on artificial intelligence approaches: A practical study on normal and abnormal confocal corneal images. Applied Soft Computing. 36 (Nov.), pp. 269-282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2015.07.019
An efficient intelligent analysis system for confocal corneal endothelium images
Sharif, M., Qahwaji, R., Shahamatnia, E., Alzubaidi, R., Ipson, S. and Brahma, A. 2015. An efficient intelligent analysis system for confocal corneal endothelium images. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine. 122 (3), pp. 421-436. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2015.09.003
In Vivo Confocal Microscopic Corneal Images in health and disease with an emphasis on extracting features and visual signatures for corneal diseases: A review study
Alzubaidi, Rania, Sharif, M., Qahwaji, Rami, Ipson, Stanley and Brahma, Arun 2015. In Vivo Confocal Microscopic Corneal Images in health and disease with an emphasis on extracting features and visual signatures for corneal diseases: A review study. British Journal of Ophthalmology. 100 (1), pp. 41-55. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2015-306934
Solving the Linearly Inseparable XOR Problem with Spiking Neural Networks
Wall, J. and Reljan-Delaney, M. 2017. Solving the Linearly Inseparable XOR Problem with Spiking Neural Networks . SAI Computing Conference 2017. London, UK 18 - 20 Jul 2017 IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/SAI.2017.8252173
Privacy preserving encrypted phonetic search of speech data
Wall, J., Glackin, C., Chollet, G., Dugan, N., Cannings, N., Tahir, S., Ghosh Ray, I. and Rajarajan, M. 2017. Privacy preserving encrypted phonetic search of speech data. 2017 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). Louisiana, USA 05 - 09 Mar 2017 IEEE. pp. 6414-6418 https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASSP.2017.7953391
A Mutlimodal Approach to Measure the Levels Distraction of Pedestrians using Mobile Sensing
Pizzamiglio, S., Naeem, U., ur Réhman, Shafiq, Sharif, M., Abdalla, H. and Turner, D. 2017. A Mutlimodal Approach to Measure the Levels Distraction of Pedestrians using Mobile Sensing. Procedia Computer Science. 113, pp. 89-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2017.08.297
Spiking neuron models of the medial and lateral superior olive for sound localisation
Wall, J., McDaid, L.J., Maguire, L.P. and McGinnity, T.M. 2008. Spiking neuron models of the medial and lateral superior olive for sound localisation. IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN) (IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence). Hong Kong 01 - 08 Jun 2008 Hong Kong IEEE. pp. 2641-2647 https://doi.org/10.1109/IJCNN.2008.4634168
A comparison of sound localisation techniques using cross-correlation and spiking neural networks for mobile robotics
Wall, J., McGinnity, Thomas M. and Maguire, Liam P. 2011. A comparison of sound localisation techniques using cross-correlation and spiking neural networks for mobile robotics. Neural Networks (IJCNN), The 2011 International Joint Conference on. San Jose, CA 31 Jul - 05 Aug 2011 IEEE. pp. 1981-1987
Deep Laterally Recurrent Spiking Neural Networks for Speech Enhancement
Wall, J. 2016. Deep Laterally Recurrent Spiking Neural Networks for Speech Enhancement. UEL Computing & Engineering Showcase. London, UK 16 Jun 2016 UEL.
A spiking neural network implementation of sound localisation
Wall, J., McDaid, L.J., Maguire, L.P. and McGinnity, T.M. 2007. A spiking neural network implementation of sound localisation. IET Irish Signals and Systems. Derry, UK 13 - 14 Sep 2007 Derry, UK pp. 1-5
Using the interaural time difference and cross-correlation to localise short-term complex noises
Wall, J., McGinnity, Martin and Maguire, Liam 2011. Using the interaural time difference and cross-correlation to localise short-term complex noises. Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science (AICS). Derry, UK 31 Aug - 02 Sep 2011 University of Ulster, Intelligent Systems Research Centre.
A Framework for Realistic 3D Tele-Immersion
Fechteler, P., Hilsmann, A., Eisert, P., Broeck, S.V., Stevens, C., Wall, J., Sanna, M., Mauro, D.A., Kuijk, F., Mekuria, R., Cesar, P., Monaghan, D., O'Connor, N.E., Daras, P., Alexiadis, D. and Zahariadis, T. 2013. A Framework for Realistic 3D Tele-Immersion. 6th International Conference on Computer Vision / Computer Graphics Collaboration Techniques and Applications. Berlin, Germany 2013 New York, NY, USA Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). pp. 1-8 https://doi.org/10.1145/2466715.2466718
Spiking Neural Network Connectivity and its Potential for Temporal Sensory Processing and Variable Binding
Wall, J. and Glackin, Cornelius 2013. Spiking Neural Network Connectivity and its Potential for Temporal Sensory Processing and Variable Binding. Frontiers Media SA.
A Roadmap for Privacy Preserving Speech Processing
Wall, J., Glackin, C., Chollet, G., Dugan, N., Cannings, N., Tahir, S., Ghosh Ray, I, Rajarajan, M., Falkner, R. and Badii, A. 2016. A Roadmap for Privacy Preserving Speech Processing. Preserving Privacy in an Age of Increased Surveillance – A Biometrics Perspective. London, UK 17 - 17 Oct 2016
Recurrent lateral inhibitory spiking networks for speech enhancement
Wall, J., Glackin, Cornelius, Cannings, Nigel, Chollet, Gerard and Dugan, Nazim 2016. Recurrent lateral inhibitory spiking networks for speech enhancement. IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN). Vancouver, Canada 24 - 29 Jul 2016 IEEE. pp. 1023-1028 https://doi.org/10.1109/IJCNN.2016.7727310
Post-Cochlear Auditory Modelling for Sound Localisation using Bio-Inspired Techniques
Wall, J. 2010. Post-Cochlear Auditory Modelling for Sound Localisation using Bio-Inspired Techniques. PhD Thesis University of Ulster Faculty of Computing and Engineering
Fuzzy Ensembles for Embedding Adaptive Behaviours in Semi-Autonomous Avatars in 3D Virtual Worlds
Wall, J., Izquierdo, E. and Zhang, Q. 2013. Fuzzy Ensembles for Embedding Adaptive Behaviours in Semi-Autonomous Avatars in 3D Virtual Worlds. in: Proceedings 2013 18th International Conference on Digital Signal Processing (DSP) IEEE. pp. 1-6
Advancements and Challenges towards a Collaborative Framework for 3D Tele-Immersive Social Networking
Mauro, D.A., O'Connor, N.E., Monaghan, D., Gowing, M., Fechteler, P., Eisert, P., Wall, J., Izquierdo, E., Alexiadis, D.S., Daras, P., Mekuria, R. and Cesar, P. 2013. Advancements and Challenges towards a Collaborative Framework for 3D Tele-Immersive Social Networking. 4th IEEE International Workshop on Hot Topics in 3D (Hot3D). San Jose, CA, USA 15 Jul 2013 IEEE. pp. 1-2
A Framework for Human-like Behavior in an Immersive Virtual World
Kuijk, Fons, Van Broeck, Sigurd, Dareau, Claude, Ravenet, Brian, Ochs, Magalie, Apostolakis, Konstantinos, Daras, Petros, Monaghan, David, O'Connor, Noel E, Wall, J. and Izquierdo, Ebroul 2013. A Framework for Human-like Behavior in an Immersive Virtual World. in: Proceedings of 2013 18th International Conference on Digital Signal Processing (DSP) IEEE. pp. 1-7
REVERIE: Natural Human Interaction in Virtual Immersive Environments
Wall, J., Izquierdo, Ebroul, Argyriou, Lemonia, Monaghan, David S., O'Connor, Noel E., Poulakos, Steven, Smolic, Aljoscha and Mekuria, Rufael 2014. REVERIE: Natural Human Interaction in Virtual Immersive Environments. in: 2014 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) IEEE. pp. 2165-2167
Spiking neural network model of sound localisation using the interaural intensity difference
Wall, J., McDaid, Liam J., Maguire, Liam P. and McGinnity, Thomas M. 2012. Spiking neural network model of sound localisation using the interaural intensity difference. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks. 23 (4), pp. 574-586.
Perception-based Modelling of System Behaviour
Wall, J. 2006. Perception-based Modelling of System Behaviour. Proc. of the IEEE Systems, Man and Cybernetics Society.
A Spiking Neural Network Model of the Medial Superior Olive using Spike Timing Dependent Plasticity for Sound Localisation
Glackin, B., Wall, J., McGinnity, T.M., Maguire, L.P. and McDaid, L.J. 2010. A Spiking Neural Network Model of the Medial Superior Olive using Spike Timing Dependent Plasticity for Sound Localisation. Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience. 4 (18), pp. 1-16.
Spiking neural network connectivity and its potential for temporal sensory processing and variable binding
Wall, J. and Glackin, Cornelius 2013. Spiking neural network connectivity and its potential for temporal sensory processing and variable binding. Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience. 7 (182), pp. 1-2.
A Methodological Approach to User Evaluation and Assessment of a Virtual Environment Hangout
Pasin, Marco, Frisiello, Antonella, Wall, J., Poulakos, Steven and Smolic, Aljoscha 2015. A Methodological Approach to User Evaluation and Assessment of a Virtual Environment Hangout. in: Sanna, Andrea, Lamberti, Fabrizio, Rokne, Jon and Gatteschi, Valentina (ed.) Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Intelligent Technologies for Interactive Entertainment EAI. pp. 1-5
Playing immersive games on the REVERIE platform
Doumanis, Ioannis, Wall, J. and Monaghan, David S. 2015. Playing immersive games on the REVERIE platform. in: Computer and Information Technology; Ubiquitous Computing and Communications; Dependable, Autonomic and Secure Computing; Pervasive Intelligence and Computing (CIT/IUCC/DASC/PICOM) IEEE. pp. 1572-1577